Glossary

The primary energy currency of every cell in the human body. ATP is produced in the mitochondria and powers virtually every biological process from muscle contraction to protein synthesis. Microcurrent therapy is thought to support ATP production by delivering current at physiological levels the body already uses.

A scientific approach developed at Kobe University that uses near-infrared spectroscopy to analyze the molecular structure of water. Aquaphotomics has been used to characterize structured water and confirm that some structured water preparations retain measurable structural differences for months.

One of the three delivery modes for Infopathy infoceuticals. Audible ICs are electromagnetic signals encoded as sound files and delivered through speakers or headphones.

The electrical currents and voltages naturally generated by living cells and tissues. The body uses bioelectricity to coordinate wound healing, direct cell migration, and maintain cellular communication. Microcurrent therapy operates within the same microampere range as the body’s own bioelectric signals.

The electromagnetic field surrounding and permeating the body, generated by the electrical activity of cells and tissues. The biofield is a recognized concept in biophysics and is referenced in the context of resonance medicine and frequency-based therapies.

An auditory phenomenon in which two slightly different frequencies are played in each ear, causing the brain to perceive a third frequency equal to the difference between them. Binaural beats are used in sound frequency therapy to support brainwave entrainment.

The two independent frequency channels in a dual-channel microcurrent device like the CustomCare or HoweRT. In FSM, Channel A carries the condition frequency and Channel B carries the tissue frequency. Both must run simultaneously for FSM to work.

A molecule that absorbs light at a specific wavelength. In photobiomodulation, cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria is the primary chromophore that absorbs red and near-infrared light, triggering downstream cellular effects.

A theoretical structure proposed by quantum electrodynamic theory in which water molecules oscillate synchronously at the same frequency under the influence of electromagnetic fields. Coherent domains are the proposed mechanism by which water may store and carry electromagnetic information in IC technology.

The enzyme at the end of the mitochondrial electron transport chain that absorbs red and near-infrared light during photobiomodulation. Activation of cytochrome c oxidase increases mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production.

A large-scale brain network active during rest, self-referential thought, and memory consolidation. The DMN becomes dysregulated in Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline. Vielight transcranial-intranasal photobiomodulation devices are specifically designed to target the DMN’s key nodes.

The amount of oxygen dissolved in water. Natural spring and river water maintains higher dissolved oxygen than stagnant or processed water. The Mayu Swirl vortex increases dissolved oxygen in water to approximately 80–90% saturation within 7–10 minutes.

A microcurrent delivery system with two independent channels, each capable of delivering a different frequency simultaneously. Dual-channel delivery is the technical requirement for FSM — one channel for the condition, one for the tissue.

See Grounding.

A phase of water proposed by Dr. Gerald Pollack at the University of Washington. EZ water forms adjacent to hydrophilic surfaces, carries a negative charge, excludes solutes, and behaves more like a liquid crystal than ordinary bulk water. EZ water is theorized to play a central role in cellular function.

A series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane that generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Photobiomodulation is thought to enhance electron transport chain function by activating cytochrome c oxidase.

A term coined by Dr. Gerald Pollack to describe EZ (exclusion zone) water — a liquid-crystalline phase of water distinct from solid, liquid, and vapor. The fourth phase forms naturally near hydrophilic surfaces and is proposed to be the predominant form of water inside living cells.

Negatively charged electrons present on the surface of the Earth. The earthing hypothesis proposes that direct skin contact with the ground allows these free electrons to enter the body, neutralizing reactive oxygen species and reducing inflammation.

The number of cycles per second of any oscillating wave, measured in Hertz (Hz). In resonance medicine, different frequencies are proposed to interact with specific biological tissues and conditions.

A form of microcurrent therapy that uses pairs of frequencies — one targeting a specific condition, one targeting a specific tissue — delivered simultaneously through two independent channels. FSM was developed by Dr. Carolyn McMakin and has a growing peer-reviewed evidence base.

Direct physical contact between the skin and the Earth’s surface — barefoot on soil, grass, or sand — or via conductive systems that replicate the same electrical connection. Grounding is proposed to allow free electrons from the Earth’s surface to enter the body, with potential anti-inflammatory and autonomic nervous system effects.

Brain waves oscillating at approximately 40 Hz. Gamma waves are associated with focused attention, cognitive processing, and information integration. Vielight’s Neuro Gamma device pulses near-infrared light at 40 Hz to entrain gamma oscillations in the brain.

The variation in time between successive heartbeats. Higher HRV is associated with greater autonomic nervous system flexibility, resilience to stress, and parasympathetic dominance. HRV improvements have been reported in earthing and structured water research.

The unit of frequency — one cycle per second. Frequency in resonance medicine is measured in Hertz. Clinical FSM frequencies typically range from 0.1 to 999 Hz.

A relatively weak electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom such as oxygen. Water’s unique properties arise from its hydrogen bonding — these bonds constantly break and reform, and their organization is the basis of structured water theory.

An electromagnetic signal generated using algorithms or recorded from a substance with therapeutic or biological effects, then delivered via water imprinting, PEMF, or audio. ICs are the core product of the Infopathy platform.

One of the three delivery modes for Infopathy infoceuticals. The IC signal is transferred into water or another liquid via a device, and the liquid is then consumed or applied topically.

Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than visible red light, from approximately 700 nm to 1 mm. Near-infrared light in the 800–1000 nm range penetrates skin and tissue most effectively and is used in photobiomodulation.

Delivery of near-infrared light through the nasal cavity, targeting brain structures via the cribriform plate and olfactory bulb — regions inaccessible by transcranial-only devices. Vielight’s patented intranasal applicator is the only commercially available system combining intranasal and transcranial delivery.

An older term for photobiomodulation — the therapeutic application of red and near-infrared light at low intensities. The term photobiomodulation is now preferred in clinical and research contexts.

Water that has been exposed to a magnetic field, resulting in altered hydrogen bonding structure. Magnetized water is one form of structured water studied in agricultural and animal research.

One millionth of an ampere. The unit of current used in microcurrent therapy. The body’s own bioelectric signals operate in the microampere range — approximately 1,000 times lower than TENS devices.

Electrical current delivered in the microampere range — below the threshold of sensation and operating at the same level as the body’s own bioelectrical signals.

Organelles inside cells responsible for producing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Often called the powerhouse of the cell. Mitochondria are the primary target of photobiomodulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction is a key driver of cellular aging and disease.

The electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane that drives ATP synthesis. Photobiomodulation is proposed to increase mitochondrial membrane potential, enhancing ATP production.

Light in the wavelength range of approximately 700–1400 nm — just beyond visible red. NIR light penetrates tissue more deeply than visible red light, reaching muscle, joint, and neural tissue. Used in photobiomodulation devices including the Kineon MOVE+ Pro and Vielight Neuro series.

A signaling molecule produced by the body that plays a key role in vasodilation, circulation, and cellular communication. Photobiomodulation is proposed to release nitric oxide from cellular stores, improving local circulation and reducing inflammation.

A therapy that delivers brief pulses of electromagnetic energy to the body via coils or pads. PEMF is FDA-cleared for bone healing and has an established evidence base for pain, inflammation, and tissue repair.

One of the three delivery modes for Infopathy infoceuticals. The IC signal is delivered directly to the body via pulsed electromagnetic field from an IC Pad or similar device.

The therapeutic application of red and near-infrared light to stimulate cellular processes — primarily mitochondrial ATP production, circulation, and inflammation regulation — without generating heat. Formerly called low-level laser therapy (LLLT).

The difference in proton concentration across the inner mitochondrial membrane that drives ATP synthase. Photobiomodulation and structured water both interact — in different proposed ways — with proton gradients in cellular bioenergetics.

A branch of physics describing how light and matter interact at the quantum level. QED theory applied to water — developed by Emilio Del Giudice and Giuliano Preparata — proposes that water molecules can form coherent domains under electromagnetic influence, forming the theoretical basis for IC technology.

A waveform used in PEMF devices including the Vibe PEMF. A squarewave signal with a gradual ramp-up rather than an instantaneous rise, which reduces tissue irritation and is optimized for at-home use.

Chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen, produced as byproducts of cellular metabolism. In excess, ROS cause oxidative stress and cellular damage. Photobiomodulation reduces excess ROS; earthing is proposed to neutralize ROS via free electron donation.

The tendency of a system to oscillate with greater amplitude at specific frequencies. In resonance medicine, the concept is that applying a frequency matching a biological tissue’s own bioelectric frequency may enhance that tissue’s function or support healing.

A clinical philosophy that identifies and addresses underlying physiological imbalances rather than suppressing symptoms. Root-cause medicine is the foundation of Naturopathic and Functional Medicine as practiced at DocereVita.

A set of electromagnetic resonance frequencies in the cavity between the Earth’s surface and ionosphere, with a fundamental frequency of approximately 7.83 Hz. The Schumann Resonance is cited in discussions of PEMF and earthing as a naturally occurring background frequency to which biological systems may be calibrated.

The therapeutic use of sound — including singing bowls, tuning forks, binaural beats, and solfeggio frequencies — to support nervous system regulation, relaxation, and cellular resonance.

Water in which the hydrogen-bonded molecular clusters are organized into a more ordered arrangement — similar to the hexagonal structure of ice — as found in natural spring and glacier water. The Mayu Swirl uses vortex motion to restructure tap or filtered water.

Electrical current below the threshold of physical sensation. Microcurrent therapy operates in the subsensory range — you cannot feel it. This distinguishes it from TENS which is intentionally felt.

An electrical therapy device delivering current in the milliampere range — 1,000 times stronger than microcurrent. TENS works via gate control theory, blocking pain signals at the spinal cord. It operates by a different mechanism than microcurrent and at milliampere levels has been shown to deplete ATP production.

The application of near-infrared light through the skull to stimulate brain tissue. Transcranial PBM targets neural oscillations, mitochondrial function in neurons, and brain network connectivity.

The four-tier system used across this site to label the strength of evidence behind each health claim. Tier 1 is established science; Tier 2 is supported by controlled trials; Tier 3 is emerging from pilot studies; Tier 4 is theoretical.

A swirling, spiral flow of fluid. Natural water in springs and rivers moves in vortex patterns that maintain oxygenation and molecular organization. The Mayu Swirl recreates this vortex motion in a glass carafe.

The distance between successive peaks of a wave, measured in nanometers (nm) for light. Different wavelengths of light have different tissue penetration depths and biological effects. Red light (630–700 nm) affects surface tissues; near-infrared (700–1100 nm) penetrates more deeply into muscle, joint, and neural tissue.

A regulatory classification used by the FDA for low-risk devices that support general health and wellness — as opposed to medical devices that diagnose, treat, or cure specific diseases. Most devices on this site — including the Vibe PEMF, iCare, and Vielight — are FDA general wellness devices.

A measure of the electrical charge on the surface of particles in a suspension, including red blood cells. Higher zeta potential is associated with reduced red blood cell clumping and better blood flow. Earthing research has reported improved zeta potential — meaning reduced blood viscosity — following grounding sessions.